image: This is Sumit Chanda, Ph.D., senior author of the study and director of the Immunity and Pathogenesis Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys. view more
Credit: Sanford Burnham Prebys
LA JOLLA, CALIF. - April 3, 2019 - For the modern biologist, large-scale OMICs studies--which map all of the genes, proteins, RNA and more that underlie a biological system--are standard tools of the trade. But interpreting these big-data outputs to generate meaningful information is far from routine: Analyzing the results requires sophisticated tools and highly trained computational scientists. These efforts can be costly and time intensive even for experts--taking anywhere from days to weeks to generate actionable information.
Now, scientists from Sanford Burnham Prebys, the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF) and the University of California, San Diego have revealed an open-access, web-based portal that integrates more than 40 advanced bioinformatics data sources to allow non-technical users to generate insights in one click. Called Metascape, this tool removes data analysis barriers--allowing researchers to spend more time on important biological questions and less time building and troubleshooting a data analysis workflow. The platform was described today in Nature Communications.
"Biologists seek answers to some of today's most devastating diseases--from cancer to Alzheimer's to infectious diseases, such as HIV or influenza (flu)," says Sumit Chanda, Ph.D., senior author of the study and director of the Immunity and Pathogenesis Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys. "By developing Metascape, we hope to help biologists to better understand their own data so they can uncover information that will lead to novel disease targets, improved vaccines and new drugs to treat challenging diseases."
Adds Yingyao Zhou, Ph.D., first author of the study and director of Data Science and Data Engineering at GNF, "Even for computational scientists, compiling and analyzing large OMICs datasets can be a difficult and time-consuming task. Metascape provides biologists with a platform from which they can access the power of numerous analysis tools all within a simple interface and generate an easy-to-interpret report."
In the paper, the researchers detail the features and capabilities of Metascape using three previously published genetic screens of flu that sought to find factors involved in viral replication. In its workflow, Metascape integrates and analyzes information from more than 40 popular, open-access databases spanning 10 common model organisms to produce an easy-to-interpret report in about a minute (larger data sets may require more time).
"Metascape has already facilitated the analysis and interpretation of large OMICs datasets in more than 330 published scientific studies. Due to its ease of use, we expect that it will soon become an indispensable platform that will help scientists decipher critical results in the era of big data," adds Lars Pache, Ph.D., a study author and research assistant professor at Sanford Burnham Prebys.
Options for basic analysis, which utilizes commonly used analysis practices; or advanced analysis, which allows control of individual settings, were demonstrated. A PowerPoint presentation, Excel document and additional visual reporting tools were automatically generated, facilitating the communication of results. To ensure Metascape's data remains as current as possible, the researchers incorporated a two-phase approach that utilizes a robot that automatically crawls data sources, followed by manual quality control.
Next, the scientists are turning to artificial intelligence to deepen the insights Metascape can provide. "By applying new machine learning tools to Metascape, we can help biologists uncover more nuances in their data that help scientists even better prioritize the direction they want to take their research," says Zhou.
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The study's DOI is 10.1038/s41467-019-09234.
Additional authors of the study include: Bin Zhou, Ph.D., Alireza Hadj Khodabakhshi, Ph.D., and Olga Tanaseichuk, Ph.D., GNF; and Max Chang, Ph.D., and Christopher Benner, Ph.D., of the University of California, San Diego.
Research reported in this press release was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (U19AI106754, U19AI135972 and R01DA033773). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
About Metascape
Although a plethora of databases and tools exist for gene annotation and gene list enrichment analysis, it remains challenging for researchers, especially those who do not have programming expertise, to gather basic annotation data for their gene lists. Metascape is a web-based portal that integrates more than 40 independent, open-access databases to allow one-click analysis of data generated from OMICs scans. Metascape helps the biomedical research community analyze gene/protein lists and make better data-driven decisions. To use Metascape, visit http://metascape.org.
About Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
Sanford Burnham Prebys is a preeminent, nonprofit biomedical research institute dedicated to understanding basic human biology and disease and advancing scientific discoveries to profoundly impact human health. Our track record of pioneering research spans more than 40 years and has produced breakthroughs in cancer, neuroscience, immunology and children's diseases and is anchored by our NCI-designated Cancer Center. Sanford Burnham Prebys' drug discovery center and global partnerships propel our prototype drugs and therapeutic strategies toward improving human health. A deep culture of collaboration and commitment to educate the next generation of scientists unites Sanford Burnham Prebys researchers, partners and philanthropists in a shared mission to improve human health. Sanford Burnham Prebys employs more than 750 scientists and staff in San Diego (La Jolla), Calif. For more information, visit us at SBPdiscovery.org or on Facebook at http://facebook.com/SBPdiscovery and on Twitter @SBPdiscovery.
Journal
Nature Communications